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INCLUSIVE STUDENT SERVICES PROCESS MODEL
I would like to discuss Inclusive Student Services Process Model that provides a framework for designing processes and programs to support students in online courses. This model further discussed by Floyd 2004, identifies five phases of student support services: first, learner intake; second, learner intervention; third, learner support; fourth, learner transition, and lastly, measurement of effectiveness.

LEARNER INTAKE PHASE
Goal setting and students’ readiness assessment for learning, including their aspiration and ability to engage in distance learning, are the fundamental tasks during the learner intake phase. In this phase, student support services include admission, registration, pre-enrollment assessment, financial aid, technology information and orientation. In order to help expected online students, orientation and admission information should be clearly mentioned in university’s homepage by reason of students’ decision to enroll is critical.
Furthermore, a user-friendly Web site that clearly differentiates between services for campus and distance learners is imperative. Sufficient information on the process of admission, testing procedures, phone numbers, opportunities in career planning, assessment tools, and online representatives should be provided to show the university’s commitment to its online programs and services. Offering virtual or online orientation is a simple and appropriate way to build rapport with learners in the distance, and is vital to ensuring successful enrolment and retention.
LEARNER INTERVENTION PHASE
In the second phase of the model, learner intervention, online courses are delivered. To assist students in self-development and independent learning are the primary goal during this phase. Offered support strategies in this phase include instruction on student success strategies, help desk support for the student, training or workshop on technology, and online faculty advising. Helpdesk support and faculty advisers are basic to ensuring student success in the learner intervention phase. In help desk, the activities typically relate to resolving problems with passwords, error messages, problems resolving URL’s general technical queries etc. It is essential to allow the student to contact people who can help them via email, telephone, or other services. This can be asynchronous or synchronous. The site also must also include a link to a “suggestion box”, where students can place ideas for making the Web site learner-centered and user-friendly
LEARNER SUPPORT PHASE
During the learner support phase, students learn self-development strategies in order to obtain responsibility for developing their own skills. Important support services during this phase are tutoring and instructional support, academic advising, bookstore services, library, and disability services, and networking. The advice of the professional is important in helping students meet their degree and certificate objectives, and learners must be arranged in the correct course levels so that they will succeed academically. Services for the student during the learner support phase must suggest study tips, tips in taking the examination, and external instructional resources such as tutoring; also important is supporting reasonable accommodations to distance learning students with disabilities, and designing Web sites with links to instruction about articulation and transferring credits. Online libraries must provide learners with links to full-text databases, journals, electronic books, and the university’s online library catalog. The most compelling Web sites to offer library services is a direct link from the university’s homepage. Online library orientations, e-mail access to librarians, and online tutorials on how to conduct Web research assist distance learners succeed.
LEARNER TRANSITION PHASE
During the learner transition phase, learners need a career, transfer, counseling, and services for job placement. In order this phase to be successful, the university must work collaboratively to coordinate resources and program designs that assist students in their personal and professional transition. Career development and counseling services are indispensable during this phase; helping students to build their professional resumes, develop strategies in interviewing, and deal with life issues, are instrumental for the students to retain.
MEASUREMENT PHASE
The last phase of the model targets on evaluating the efficiency and effectiveness online programs of the university and delivery systems. In this phase, the university should assess graduation, retention, and persistence rates, and they should analyze online course evaluations. This phase is important due to the fact that, it ensures that institutions aim attention to accountability and use students’ feedback in services programs in order to continually improve.





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